Tuesday, 26 November 2024

E Editorial

Has the time come to proclaim the Fourth Republic?

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First, it is relevant to review the recent history of France. After French Revolution that began in 1789, the republic came to replace the monarchy. However not long after, the fall of Napoleon again led to the restoration of the monarchy. The political passions in the country, nevertheless, did not calm down for a long time, and after the reign of Napoleon III, who proclaimed himself emperor, the republic was restored. The Constitution is periodically amended in France and, accordingly, the next changed Republic is counted. But let's focus on the incumbent Fifth Republic.

In 1958, France faced a severe shock. The government of the country went through a systemic crisis, and the society was divided into two parts. Some political circles believed that the colonization of Algeria, where the national liberation struggle was fought, should be abandoned, while the opponents, especially the military, insisted on the opposite. Interestingly, the French hero Charles de Gaulle promised not to withdraw his troops from Algeria during the elections, but after his election as president, he broke his promise, as a result of which the government lost control of the army. Then de Gaulle decided to change the Constitution, which strengthened the institute of the president. In particular, he extended the president’s term to 7 years, reserved himself the authority to appoint a prime minister, and so on. According to the new Constitution, the Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the Fourth Republic, which is still in force. That is, the republics are counted according to the number of Constitutions, the Constitution changes, the rules change, and the turn for the next Republic comes.

The number of republics in Armenia is calculated according to their period of survival. The years 1918-1920 are the First Republic, 1920-1991 - the Second, the Soviet Republic, then the current Third Republic, which has been operating since 1991.

What happened in 2018? The populist came (it does not matter in this case, whether they come on their own or were sent) and put forward the most working slogans to take the power - changing our lives. In the beginning, the slogan gathered mainly young and middle-aged people who really wanted change. They earned their living on their own and had professions and honest aspirations.

Then the slogan changed: let's take back (that is, rob) the loot, which was already joined by those who were barbecued in the square, those who played blot on the tricolor flag, those who surrendered Artsakh, those who wanted power and others. They became the pillars of the new government, on which the government had to rely, satisfying their bureaucratic or self-centered passions and instincts.

It was mainly the mob that demanded punishment, the core of whose thinking was exclusively the instinct of punishment, and the mass that believed in miracles in the first rallies of 2018 was pushed into the background, disappointed.

Now the demand for drastic reforms is set. If the Algerian crisis in France led to the demand for fundamental reforms and the establishment of the Fifth Republic, then the Artsakh war was a deeper shock for us, and there is a need to fundamentally change our worldview and thinking. Might the time have come to proclaim the Fourth Republic?

The Armenian Center for National and International Studies

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The views of the authors do not necessarily reflect those of the Center.

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